Material Properties of COC & COP
Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) are excellent plastic choices for biomedical, optical and electrical engineering applications due the following properties:
High Optical Transparency – Optically transparent over a wide range of light (total light transmission 92%) – Higher transmittance in visible and near-UV region than polystyrene (PS) and polycarbonate (PC) (Nunes et al 2010, Lamonte et al 2000)
Low Auto-fluorescence – Much lower background fluorescence than most other commercially available thermoplastics (Piruska et al 2005)
High Solvent Resistance – Superior resistance to acids, bases and polar organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile), but susceptible to non-polar solvents (Nunes et al 2010)
High Glass Transition Temperatures – Formulations available with glass transition temperatures ranging from 33 to 180 Celsius which is higher than PMMA, PC and PS support (Shin at al 2005, Nunes et al 2010) – Excellent material for high temperature applications like PCR
Excellent Biocompatibility – Virtually no extractables with several grades of COP that meet USP Class VI material requirements (Chiu et al 2011) - Demonstrated compatibility with many molecular assays and sample types such as blood (Ahn et al 2004, Grunmann et al 2006) or DNA (Bhattacharyya et al 2006, Gulliksen et al 2005)
Excellent Mechanical Properties – High strength and rigidity with an especially low water absorbance (<.01%) which prevents warping (Lamonte et al 2000)
Great Insulator – Low dielectric loss and high resistance to dielectric breakdown over many temperatures and frequencies (Lamonte et al 2000) - Excellent for use in capacitors
Micofabrication Techniques for COC and COP
COP and COC are suitable for a multitude of fabrication techniques such as those for low-cost, high-throughput production like injection molding as well as quick prototyping methods like micro-milling. An excellent review of these methods is available in the published 2010 review by Nunes and colleagues.
PPure Slides products, including slides, blanks and films, make great substrates for techniques including: hot embossing (Kameoka 2001, Dhouib 2009), soft embossing (Steigert et al 2007), nanoimprint lithography (Nilsson et al 2005) and micro-milling (Grumann 2006).
References
Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) are excellent plastic choices for biomedical, optical and electrical engineering applications due the following properties:
High Optical Transparency – Optically transparent over a wide range of light (total light transmission 92%) – Higher transmittance in visible and near-UV region than polystyrene (PS) and polycarbonate (PC) (Nunes et al 2010, Lamonte et al 2000)
Low Auto-fluorescence – Much lower background fluorescence than most other commercially available thermoplastics (Piruska et al 2005)
High Solvent Resistance – Superior resistance to acids, bases and polar organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile), but susceptible to non-polar solvents (Nunes et al 2010)
High Glass Transition Temperatures – Formulations available with glass transition temperatures ranging from 33 to 180 Celsius which is higher than PMMA, PC and PS support (Shin at al 2005, Nunes et al 2010) – Excellent material for high temperature applications like PCR
Excellent Biocompatibility – Virtually no extractables with several grades of COP that meet USP Class VI material requirements (Chiu et al 2011) - Demonstrated compatibility with many molecular assays and sample types such as blood (Ahn et al 2004, Grunmann et al 2006) or DNA (Bhattacharyya et al 2006, Gulliksen et al 2005)
Excellent Mechanical Properties – High strength and rigidity with an especially low water absorbance (<.01%) which prevents warping (Lamonte et al 2000)
Great Insulator – Low dielectric loss and high resistance to dielectric breakdown over many temperatures and frequencies (Lamonte et al 2000) - Excellent for use in capacitors
Micofabrication Techniques for COC and COP
COP and COC are suitable for a multitude of fabrication techniques such as those for low-cost, high-throughput production like injection molding as well as quick prototyping methods like micro-milling. An excellent review of these methods is available in the published 2010 review by Nunes and colleagues.
PPure Slides products, including slides, blanks and films, make great substrates for techniques including: hot embossing (Kameoka 2001, Dhouib 2009), soft embossing (Steigert et al 2007), nanoimprint lithography (Nilsson et al 2005) and micro-milling (Grumann 2006).
References
- PS Nunes, PD Ohlssen, O Ordeig, JP Kutter, Cyclic olefin polymers: emerging materials for lab-on- a-chip applications. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. 9, 145-161 (2010). abstract
- RR Lamonte, D McNally, Uses and processing of cyclic olefin copolymers, Plastics Engineering. 56, 51-55 (2000).
- A Piruska, I Nikcevic, SH Lee, C Ahn, WR Heineman, PA Limbacha, CJ Seliskar, The autofluorescence of plastic materials and chips measured under laser irradiation. Lab on a Chip. 5, 1348-1354 (2005). abstract
- JY Shin, JY Park, CY Liu, JS He, SC Kim, Chemical structure and physical properties of cyclic olefin copolymers. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 77, 801–814 (2005). full article
- JS Kuo, DT Chiu, Disposable microfluidic substrates: Transitioning from the research laboratory into the clinic. Lab Chip. 11, 2656-2665 (2011). abstract
- CH Ahn, JW Choi, G Beaucage, JH Nevin, JB Lee, A Puntambekar, JY Lee, Disposable Smart lab on a chip for point-of-care clinical diagnostics. Proceedings of IEEE. 92, 154–173 (2004). full article
- M Grumann, J Steigert, L Riegger, I Moser, B Enderle, K Riebeseel, G Urban, R Zengerle, J Ducree, Sensitivity enhancement for colorimetric glucose assays on whole blood by on-chip beam guidance. Biomedical Microdevices. 8, 209–214 (2006). abstract
- A Bhattacharyya, CM Klapperich CM, Thermoplastic microfluidic device for on-chip purification of nucleic acids for disposable diagnostics. Analytical Chemistry. 78, 788–792 (2006). abstract
- A Gulliksen, LA Solli, KS Drese, O Sorensen, F Karlsen, H Rogne, E Hovig, R Sirevag, Parallel nanoliter detection of cancer markers using polymer microchips. Lab on a Chip. 5, 416–420 (2005). abstract
- J Kameoka, R Orth, B Ilic, D Czaplewski, T Wachs, HG Craighead, An electrospray ionization source for integration with microfluidics. Analytical Chemistry 74, 5897–5901 (2001). abstract
- K Dhouib, CK Malek, W Pfleging, B Gauthier-Manuel, R Duffait, G Thuillier, R Ferrigno, L Jacquamet, J Ohana, JL Ferrer, A Theobald-Dietrich, R Giege, B Lorber, C Sauter, Microfluidic chips for the crystallization of biomacromolecules by counter-diffusion and on-chip crystal X-ray analysis. Lab on a Chip. 9, 1412–1421 (2009). abstract
- J Steigert, S Haeberle, T Brenner, C Muller, CP Steinert, P Koltay, N Gottschlich, H Reinecke, J Ruhe, R Zengerle, J Ducree, Rapid prototyping of microfluidic chips in COC. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 17, 333–341 (2007). abstract
- D Nilsson, S Balslev, A Kristensen, A microfluidic dye laser fabricated by nanoimprint lithography in a highly transparent and chemically resistant cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC). Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 15, 296–300 (2005). abstract
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